Highway
Bellevue diverges from the intersection of US HWY 52 (Riverview Dr.) and Iowa HWY 62 (State Street). US HWY 52 continues north to St. Donatus and Dubuque and south to Sabula , before entering Savannah, IL over the new Dale Gardner Veterans Memorial Bridge . Highway 62 continues to Andrew and ends in Maquoketa County . Other roads leading into town are Bellevue Cascade Road (County D61), which ends near Cascade , and Mill Creek Road (County D56), which ends La Motte .

River
Historically, hundreds of river steamboats have stopped at the large stairway leading from upper Riverfront Park to the riverbank to carry passengers and necessary goods. The Mississippi River is still an important route for economical freight traffic (with frequent barge passes), but no longer regularly carries commercial goods or passengers. By the mid-20th century, river transportation was no longer the best means of transportation, and that aspect of travel along the banks of the Bellevue had diminished. The 21st century has seen a surge in the number of cruises on recreations of large historic steamboats that act as cruise ships on the Mississippi. As Lock and Dam #12 crosses the river, these steamboats sometimes stop to allow passengers to shop and eat at establishments along Riverview Drive while they wait to go across the river.

There are several boat launch locations in town, including the municipal boat ramp (located under Riverview Park at the intersection of State Street and Riverview Drive), the Bellevue Public Ramp (located south of town along US 52). and the Pleasant Creek Recreation Area (located 4 miles south of town along US 52). Spruce Creek Park, located 3 miles north of Bellevue at 395th Avenue, offers a boat ramp as well as a large boat storage harbor with some covered boats. The harbor is managed by the Jackson County Conservation District.

Airport
The nearest medium-sized commercial airport is the Dubuque Regional Airport south of Dubuque, Iowa, along U.S. Highway 61.Local airports in , Clinton and Davenport serve small aircraft and agricultural purposes.The nearest major commercial hub is Quad City International Airport in Moline , Illinois

Railroad
There is a street railroad in the center of town that carries long freight trains. The railroad is frequently used and divides Second Street on either side of it. Streets crossing this railroad line include (north to south) Jefferson Avenue, Mott Street, High Street, Park Street, Market Street, State Street (HWY 62), Jefferson Street, Chestnut Street, Vine Street and the underpass at the south end. 2nd Street (Potter Dr). The depot and railroad station used to support passenger traffic on the now defunct, which was a narrow-gauge railroad . After closure in the 1930s, the east-west railroad was severed, leaving the remaining north-south standard gauge rails under the control of the Alberta Canadian-Pacific Railway today . There are no more passenger trains on the Bellevue tracks.